All analyses of the Landnám Tephra

This search has found 125 analyses

The results of your search are shown on this page, which is divided into three sections. The first contains geochemical data in the form of electron probe microanalyses of the the tephra layer you have chosen, which can be downloaded. Most of these analyses will be of glass shards. The second section gives information about the instrument conditions and the third details about the sources of the data and the date and time of your search. You should always refer to the original sources to get the full context of the data presented here.

FeO: total iron is represented as FeO
*original totals for normalised data (where applicable)
Site	Phase	SiO₂	TiO₂	Al₂O₃	FeO	MnO	MgO	CaO	Na₂O	K₂O	Total	EP	Ref
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	72.10	0.18	14.36	2.34	0.13	0.22	0.89	4.93	4.57	99.72	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	71.89	0.25	14.69	2.45	0.00	0.28	0.82	4.62	4.56	99.56	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	71.83	0.28	14.66	2.42	0.14	0.29	0.93	4.56	4.70	99.81	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	71.82	0.25	14.80	2.49	0.09	0.24	0.83	4.47	4.67	99.66	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	71.75	0.22	14.85	2.22	0.07	0.26	0.92	5.12	4.52	99.93	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	71.60	0.28	14.40	2.43	0.10	0.20	0.88	4.99	4.74	99.62	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	71.52	0.34	14.80	2.21	0.14	0.26	0.88	4.79	4.81	99.75	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	71.50	0.23	14.49	2.27	0.06	0.22	0.91	4.93	4.63	99.24	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	71.34	0.26	14.75	2.20	0.00	0.27	0.96	4.73	4.86	99.37	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	71.30	0.23	14.19	2.32	0.07	0.18	0.89	4.88	4.44	98.50	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	71.16	0.19	14.16	2.37	0.02	0.21	0.83	5.33	4.59	98.86	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	71.13	0.24	14.67	2.16	0.09	0.31	0.86	4.44	4.81	98.71	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	70.97	0.26	13.74	2.56	0.11	0.21	0.98	4.46	4.88	98.17	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	70.77	0.31	14.67	2.22	0.14	0.26	0.91	4.43	4.51	98.22	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	70.72	0.31	14.59	2.27	0.09	0.27	0.85	4.61	4.58	98.29	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	70.54	0.29	14.77	2.41	0.12	0.29	0.83	4.60	4.78	98.63	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	70.50	0.23	14.27	2.30	0.13	0.21	0.79	5.10	4.54	98.07	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	70.45	0.23	14.46	2.32	0.09	0.26	0.97	4.89	4.45	98.12	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	70.28	0.18	14.38	2.38	0.10	0.27	0.82	4.81	4.70	97.92	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	70.03	0.24	13.88	2.25	0.05	0.18	0.81	4.80	4.56	96.80	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	69.91	0.22	14.19	2.22	0.09	0.24	0.95	4.78	4.64	97.24	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	69.76	0.24	14.34	2.36	0.05	0.24	0.95	4.94	4.59	97.47	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	69.54	0.23	14.41	2.26	0.08	0.21	0.91	4.72	4.50	96.86	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	50.05	2.01	13.64	12.81	0.19	6.49	11.09	2.46	0.29	99.02	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	49.59	1.89	13.77	12.02	0.21	6.95	11.53	2.41	0.17	98.54	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	49.37	1.74	13.52	12.29	0.22	6.74	11.37	2.39	0.20	97.85	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	49.32	1.80	13.85	12.41	0.24	6.72	11.57	2.23	0.22	98.34	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	49.19	3.11	13.40	13.68	0.21	5.65	9.97	2.66	0.44	98.30	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	49.11	1.81	13.77	12.39	0.24	6.57	11.47	2.39	0.19	97.94	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	48.50	4.14	12.91	13.51	0.17	4.23	8.51	3.52	0.85	96.33	2	1301
Afangagil (Iceland)	glass	48.20	1.73	13.81	11.24	0.25	7.64	12.29	2.27	0.17	97.60	2	1301
Audkula (Iceland)	glass	50.65	2.17	13.39	12.68	0.25	5.97	10.27	2.82	0.36	98.57	2	969
Audkula (Iceland)	glass	49.54	2.03	13.32	12.51	0.18	6.37	10.84	2.72	0.19	97.69	2	969
Audkula (Iceland)	glass	49.35	1.93	13.47	12.20	0.26	5.65	10.05	2.85	0.34	96.09	2	969
Audkula (Iceland)	glass	49.27	1.94	13.00	12.40	0.21	6.67	11.30	2.41	0.30	97.49	2	969
Audkula (Iceland)	glass	49.16	1.84	13.76	12.48	0.19	6.47	11.22	2.52	0.25	97.90	2	969
Audkula (Iceland)	glass	48.77	1.99	13.20	11.77	0.24	6.01	10.11	2.97	0.33	95.40	2	969
Audkula (Iceland)	glass	48.74	1.98	13.81	12.11	0.21	6.78	11.23	2.59	0.21	97.65	2	969
Audkula (Iceland)	glass	48.67	1.92	13.51	12.30	0.20	6.44	11.34	2.59	0.21	97.19	2	969
Audkula (Iceland)	glass	48.35	1.93	13.78	12.19	0.19	6.72	11.06	2.47	0.22	96.90	2	969
Borge (Norway)	glass	71.34	0.28	14.77	2.58		0.29	0.97	4.91	4.39	99.52	17	1958
Borge (Norway)	glass	70.45	0.31	14.62	2.60		0.30	1.00	4.91	4.59	98.78	17	1958
Borge (Norway)	glass	69.41	0.31	14.21	2.45		0.27	0.86	4.68	4.38	96.56	17	1958
Borge (Norway)	glass	69.35	0.31	14.59	2.71		0.39	1.19	4.74	4.44	97.73	17	1958
Borge (Norway)	glass	69.35	0.25	14.48	2.35		0.26	0.84	4.71	4.53	96.76	17	1958
Borge (Norway)	glass	69.31	0.27	14.46	2.50		0.28	0.97	5.07	4.45	97.30	17	1958
Borge (Norway)	glass	69.07	0.32	14.31	2.53		0.32	0.95	4.95	4.35	96.79	17	1958
Eiđi (Faroe Islands)	glass	49.90	1.86	13.50	12.46	0.24	6.43	11.37	2.67	0.28	98.71	2	1454
Eiđi (Faroe Islands)	glass	49.73	1.87	13.19	12.28	0.22	6.56	11.52	2.61	0.23	98.21	2	1454
Eiđi (Faroe Islands)	glass	49.57	1.78	13.29	11.99	0.25	6.55	11.45	2.52	0.25	97.65	2	1454
Eiđi (Faroe Islands)	glass	49.31	1.73	13.36	12.47	0.29	6.35	11.25	2.39	0.28	97.43	2	1454
Hovsdalur (Faroe Islands)	glass	49.49	2.08	13.12	13.30	0.26	6.02	11.16	2.72	0.24	98.39	2	1580
Hovsdalur (Faroe Islands)	glass	48.93	2.58	12.62	13.65	0.30	5.15	9.23	2.87	0.37	95.70	2	1580
Hovsdalur (Faroe Islands)	glass	48.91	2.12	12.71	13.64	0.18	6.01	10.92	2.49	0.25	97.23	2	1580
Hovsdalur (Faroe Islands)	glass	48.88	1.88	13.37	12.29	0.23	6.35	11.25	2.47	0.17	96.89	2	1580
Hovsdalur (Faroe Islands)	glass	48.82	2.34	12.53	13.42	0.26	5.94	10.86	2.53	0.30	97.00	2	1580
Hovsdalur (Faroe Islands)	glass	48.79	1.75	13.53	11.78	0.21	6.75	11.43	2.46	0.19	96.89	2	1580
Hovsdalur (Faroe Islands)	glass	48.76	1.84	13.04	12.37	0.23	6.32	10.92	2.47	0.22	96.17	2	1580
Hovsdalur (Faroe Islands)	glass	48.72	1.94	12.92	12.67	0.22	6.04	11.00	2.45	0.23	96.19	2	1580
Hovsdalur (Faroe Islands)	glass	48.70	1.85	13.30	12.22	0.20	6.56	11.46	2.44	0.23	96.96	2	1580
Hovsdalur (Faroe Islands)	glass	48.53	1.93	12.68	12.95	0.26	5.94	10.98	2.67	0.24	96.18	2	1580
Hovsdalur (Faroe Islands)	glass	48.50	1.81	13.15	12.57	0.21	6.22	11.18	2.54	0.24	96.42	2	1580
Hovsdalur (Faroe Islands)	glass	48.42	1.86	13.19	12.30	0.22	6.26	11.03	2.44	0.21	95.93	2	1580
Hovsdalur (Faroe Islands)	glass	48.32	2.08	12.67	13.31	0.25	6.29	11.39	2.73	0.17	97.21	2	1580
Hovsdalur (Faroe Islands)	glass	47.61	1.99	12.18	12.88	0.18	5.97	10.83	1.84	0.24	93.72	2	1580
Ketilsstađir (Iceland)	glass	49.12	1.78	13.68	12.14	0.19	6.49	10.99	2.68	0.21	97.45	34	2668
Ketilsstađir (Iceland)	glass	48.98	1.89	13.48	12.08	0.23	6.61	11.14	2.51	0.24	97.31	34	2668
Ketilsstađir (Iceland)	glass	48.83	1.89	13.54	12.41	0.16	6.48	11.32	2.72	0.23	97.75	34	2668
Ketilsstađir (Iceland)	glass	48.80	1.76	13.78	12.14	0.20	6.48	11.24	2.62	0.23	97.37	34	2668
Ketilsstađir (Iceland)	glass	48.60	1.85	13.51	12.14	0.26	6.77	11.44	2.68	0.21	97.65	34	2668
Ketilsstađir (Iceland)	glass	48.34	1.83	13.50	12.15	0.26	6.33	11.14	2.69	0.25	96.61	34	2668
Ketilsstađir (Iceland)	glass	48.34	1.92	13.28	11.98	0.22	6.39	11.02	2.50	0.22	96.03	34	2668
Ketilsstađir (Iceland)	glass	48.32	1.91	13.35	12.35	0.20	6.58	11.11	2.66	0.26	96.88	34	2668
Ketilsstađir (Iceland)	glass	48.27	1.83	13.44	11.61	0.24	6.49	11.21	2.35	0.20	95.81	34	2668
Langimyri (Iceland)	glass	50.09	1.77	13.85	12.04	0.11	6.55	11.57	2.70	0.24	98.91	2	969
Langimyri (Iceland)	glass	49.48	1.69	13.47	11.81	0.20	7.18	11.89	2.11	0.19	98.03	2	969
Langimyri (Iceland)	glass	49.39	1.84	13.68	13.14	0.23	6.26	11.01	2.55	0.32	98.43	2	969
Langimyri (Iceland)	glass	49.31	2.02	13.97	11.21	0.21	7.22	11.86	2.49	0.27	98.56	2	969
Langimyri (Iceland)	glass	48.96	1.97	13.67	13.19	0.20	6.24	10.77	2.75	0.27	97.52	2	969
Langimyri (Iceland)	glass	48.96	2.73	13.68	13.14	0.27	5.72	9.87	3.20	0.41	97.99	2	969
Langimyri (Iceland)	glass	48.76	1.99	13.60	10.79	0.18	7.20	12.02	2.65	0.27	97.45	2	969
Langimyri (Iceland)	glass	47.82	4.42	13.00	14.01	0.18	4.87	9.26	3.26	0.84	97.65	2	969
Langimyri (Iceland)	glass	47.65	2.06	14.48	10.80	0.18	7.34	12.07	2.31	0.31	97.21	2	969
Langimyri (Iceland)	glass	47.59	2.04	14.33	10.77	0.17	7.42	11.79	2.32	0.23	96.65	2	969
Litlidalur (Iceland)	glass	50.82	1.98	13.29	12.65	0.19	6.08	10.02	2.52	0.33	97.87	2	969
Litlidalur (Iceland)	glass	50.75	1.81	13.67	12.42	0.23	6.69	11.22	2.51	0.30	99.61	2	969
Litlidalur (Iceland)	glass	50.60	1.84	13.17	12.17	0.25	6.36	10.63	2.63	0.30	97.93	2	969
Litlidalur (Iceland)	glass	50.17	2.89	12.89	13.39	0.22	5.51	9.67	2.98	0.45	98.15	2	969
Litlidalur (Iceland)	glass	50.11	1.90	12.98	12.53	0.13	6.66	10.97	2.54	0.27	98.09	2	969
Litlidalur (Iceland)	glass	49.85	1.83	13.58	12.40	0.20	6.48	11.15	2.64	0.30	98.42	2	969
Litlidalur (Iceland)	glass	49.79	1.90	13.05	12.76	0.26	6.30	10.63	2.74	0.28	97.71	2	969
Litlidalur (Iceland)	glass	49.18	2.07	13.04	12.58	0.18	6.45	10.19	2.58	0.28	96.56	2	969
Litlidalur (Iceland)	glass	49.03	1.77	13.23	12.61	0.22	6.78	11.11	2.73	0.29	97.78	2	969
Litlidalur (Iceland)	glass	48.63	2.00	13.12	11.90	0.25	6.71	10.92	2.44	0.31	96.27	2	969
Slettadalur (Iceland)	glass	49.78	1.98	13.17	13.09	0.19	6.21	10.66	2.55	0.25	97.89	2	969
Slettadalur (Iceland)	glass	48.67	1.89	13.46	11.99	0.16	6.64	10.98	2.70	0.21	96.69	2	969
Slettadalur (Iceland)	glass	48.58	1.92	13.38	12.33	0.20	6.53	11.13	2.58	0.26	96.91	2	969
Slettadalur (Iceland)	glass	47.95	1.78	13.31	12.47	0.22	6.49	11.18	2.55	0.21	96.16	2	969
Slettadalur (Iceland)	glass	47.91	1.84	13.38	12.56	0.17	6.52	11.08	2.68	0.24	96.39	2	969
Solheimahals (Iceland)	glass	74.43	0.07	13.01	2.00	0.02	0.01	1.32	2.24	2.85	95.95	2	969
Solheimahals (Iceland)	glass	64.95	1.31	13.50	7.31	0.15	1.60	4.62	3.63	2.00	99.05	2	969
Solheimahals (Iceland)	glass	50.43	2.53	13.46	13.02	0.21	5.45	9.82	3.06	0.41	98.38	2	969
Solheimahals (Iceland)	glass	50.39	1.89	13.17	12.81	0.21	6.28	10.52	2.82	0.28	98.36	2	969
Solheimahals (Iceland)	glass	50.37	1.99	13.30	12.45	0.23	5.91	10.65	2.85	0.27	98.02	2	969
Solheimahals (Iceland)	glass	50.31	2.06	13.09	13.02	0.20	6.01	10.25	2.68	0.33	97.93	2	969
Solheimahals (Iceland)	glass	49.80	1.74	13.56	11.85	0.17	6.66	11.45	2.46	0.22	97.90	2	969
Solheimahals (Iceland)	glass	49.57	1.89	13.04	12.77	0.21	5.90	9.95	2.82	0.26	96.39	2	969
Solheimahals (Iceland)	glass	49.56	1.96	13.00	12.59	0.20	6.12	10.24	2.70	0.28	96.65	2	969
Solheimahals (Iceland)	glass	48.86	1.73	13.46	11.52	0.21	6.69	11.25	2.59	0.18	96.60	2	969
Svinadalur (Iceland)	glass	48.86	1.95	13.22	11.82	0.18	6.49	10.79	2.57	0.24	96.13	2	969
Svinadalur (Iceland)	glass	48.61	1.90	13.31	12.36	0.32	6.51	10.86	2.64	0.20	96.71	2	969
Svinadalur (Iceland)	glass	48.33	2.04	13.16	13.18	0.25	6.53	10.62	2.69	0.25	97.06	2	969
Svinadalur (Iceland)	glass	47.61	2.02	13.35	11.92	0.20	6.54	10.91	2.54	0.24	95.32	2	969
Svinadalur (Iceland)	glass	47.19	1.99	13.42	12.45	0.20	6.71	11.30	2.57	0.20	96.02	2	969
Tjřrnuvík (Faroe Islands)	glass	48.78	1.83	13.32	12.46	0.24	7.32	11.02	2.66	0.21	97.84	2	1458
Tungunesmuli (Iceland)	glass	50.26	1.81	13.56	12.32	0.23	6.48	11.37	2.35	0.19	98.59	2	969
Tungunesmuli (Iceland)	glass	49.73	2.18	13.49	12.93	0.27	6.04	11.09	2.67	0.22	98.62	2	969
Tungunesmuli (Iceland)	glass	49.64	1.93	13.56	12.61	0.19	6.70	11.22	2.37	0.21	98.43	2	969
Tungunesmuli (Iceland)	glass	49.52	1.98	13.55	12.45	0.15	6.71	11.41	2.61	0.20	98.57	2	969
Tungunesmuli (Iceland)	glass	49.29	2.04	13.59	12.75	0.24	6.48	11.34	2.62	0.28	98.63	2	969
Tungunesmuli (Iceland)	glass	49.29	1.94	13.39	12.52	0.26	6.62	11.77	2.24	0.19	98.23	2	969
Tungunesmuli (Iceland)	glass	49.23	1.84	13.39	12.50	0.16	6.17	11.43	2.38	0.25	97.35	2	969
Tungunesmuli (Iceland)	glass	48.74	1.79	13.45	12.36	0.17	6.58	11.73	2.49	0.18	97.50	2	969
Tungunesmuli (Iceland)	glass	48.68	1.44	13.83	12.10	0.28	5.45	11.58	2.47	0.30	96.13	2	969
Tungunesmuli (Iceland)	glass	46.88	2.06	13.69	12.35	0.19	6.16	10.84	2.60	0.24	95.02	2	969

Instrument Conditions

These analyses were carried out under the following electron microprobe conditions.

Please refer to papers for full details of the instrument conditions, standards etc used to create these analyses
EP	Instrument	Beam current (nA)	Beam voltage (kV)	Correction	Beam	Sample
2	Cambridge Instruments Microscan V (University of Edinburgh)	15	20	ZAF		Thin section mounted in araldite then ground and polished
17	Jeol 733 Superprobe (Queens University, Belfast)	10	15	ZAF		Thin section mounted in araldite then ground and polished
34	Camca SX100 (University of Edinburgh)	10	20	PAP	10	Mounted in epoxy resin and ground and polished

References

The data on this page is from the following source(s). If you use this data please acknowledge the source of the data. he number preceeding each reference matches the Ref number on the data table above.

969 - Boygle, J.E. (1994) Tephra in lake sediments: An unambiguous geochronological marker? PhD. Thesis, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh,

2668 - Erlendsson, E, Edwards, KJ and Buckland, PC (2009) Vegetational response to human colonisation of the coastal and volcanic environments of Ketilsstadir, southern Iceland. Quaternary Research 72, 174-187.

1458 - Hannon, G.E., Hermanns-Audardottir, M. and Wastegard, S. (1998) Human impact at Tjornuvik in the Faroe Islands. Frodskaparrit 46, 215-228..

1301 - Larsen, G., Dugmore, A., J. and Newton, A.J. (1999) Geochemistry of historic silicic tephras in Iceland. The Holocene 9(4), 463-471..

1958 - Pilcher, J., Bradley, R. S., Francus, P. and Anderson, L. (2005) A Holocene tephra record from the Lofoten Islands, Arctic Norway. Boreas 34, 136-156.

1580 - Wastegard, S. (2002) Early to middle Holocene silicic tephra horizons from the Katla volcanic system, Iceland: new results from the Faroe Islands. Journal of Quaternary Science 17, 723-730..

1454 - Wastegard, S., Bjorck, S., Grauert, M. and Hannon, G.E. (2001) The Mjauvotn tephra and other Holocene tephra horizons from the Faroe Islands: a link between the Icelandic source region, the Nordic Seas, and the European continent. The Holocene 11(1), 101-109..

Data Sources

All of the data contained in this database is either published or donated. When using the data, acknowledgement must be made of the original source of the data and that the data was obtained from Tephrabase. See Copyright information.

This Tephrabase search was made on 5/7/2025 at 07:23:38 local time, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.