All analyses of the 860 AD Layer part B Tephra

This search has found 116 analyses

The results of your search are shown on this page, which is divided into three sections. The first contains geochemical data in the form of electron probe microanalyses of the the tephra layer you have chosen, which can be downloaded. Most of these analyses will be of glass shards. The second section gives information about the instrument conditions and the third details about the sources of the data and the date and time of your search. You should always refer to the original sources to get the full context of the data presented here.

FeO: total iron is represented as FeO
*original totals for normalised data (where applicable)
Site	Phase	SiO₂	TiO₂	Al₂O₃	FeO	MnO	MgO	CaO	Na₂O	K₂O	P₂O₅	Cl	F	SO₂	Total	EP	Ref
Barnesmore (Ireland)	glass	73.85	0.26	14.67	1.60		0.40	1.72	4.06	3.18					99.74	4	1561
Barnesmore (Ireland)	glass	73.66	0.28	14.61	1.63		0.46	1.79	4.11	3.05					99.60	4	1561
Barnesmore (Ireland)	glass	73.57	0.25	14.61	1.80		0.45	1.84	4.42	3.11					99.94	4	1561
Barnesmore (Ireland)	glass	73.33	0.26	14.80	1.68		0.36	1.89	3.93	3.21					99.46	4	1561
Barnesmore (Ireland)	glass	73.11	0.31	14.60	1.59		0.38	1.98	4.46	3.07					99.49	4	1561
Barnesmore (Ireland)	glass	72.69	0.25	14.60	1.57		0.45	1.90	4.22	3.19					98.82	4	1561
Barnesmore (Ireland)	glass	72.51	0.27	14.22	1.59		0.42	1.75	4.32	3.11					98.18	4	1561
Barnesmore (Ireland)	glass	72.43	0.29	14.41	1.64		0.41	1.86	4.30	3.16					98.49	4	1561
Barnesmore (Ireland)	glass	72.40	0.29	14.66	1.51		0.40	1.74	4.26	2.95					98.20	4	1561
Barnesmore (Ireland)	glass	71.31	0.27	14.10	1.53		0.40	1.75	3.38	3.06					95.79	4	1561
Barnesmore (Ireland)	glass	71.06	0.23	14.43	1.45		0.42	2.01	4.35	3.06					97.01	4	1561
Barnesmore (Ireland)	glass	70.19	0.24	13.70	1.54		0.44	1.73	4.25	3.11					95.19	4	1561
Barnesmore (Ireland)	glass	69.88	0.18	13.95	1.47		0.36	1.84	4.12	3.02					94.81	4	1561
Clara Bog (Ireland)	glass	73.67	0.28	14.33	1.38		0.37	1.95	4.15	3.38					99.50	4	1561
Clara Bog (Ireland)	glass	73.00	0.28	15.05	1.56		0.43	2.05	4.30	3.30					99.97	4	1561
Clara Bog (Ireland)	glass	72.91	0.25	14.70	1.64		0.45	2.07	4.10	3.09					99.20	4	1561
Clara Bog (Ireland)	glass	72.89	0.24	14.63	1.55		0.44	2.05	4.27	3.26					99.32	4	1561
Clara Bog (Ireland)	glass	71.86	0.24	14.16	1.40		0.39	1.95	3.94	3.48					97.41	4	1561
Clara Bog (Ireland)	glass	71.58	0.32	14.30	1.62		0.46	2.17	4.01	3.38					97.85	4	1561
Clara Bog (Ireland)	glass	70.55	0.28	14.15	1.52		0.48	2.12	4.07	3.02					96.18	4	1561
Clara Bog (Ireland)	glass	70.34	0.24	14.18	1.50		0.44	1.97	4.04	3.09					95.81	4	1561
Clara Bog (Ireland)	glass	68.15	0.25	17.85	1.49		0.46	1.92	4.05	2.92					97.08	4	1561
Claraghmore Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	73.98	0.22	14.43	1.62	0.05	0.39	1.93	2.05	2.94	0.05				97.67	16	4505
Claraghmore Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	73.70	0.20	14.72	1.47	0.05	0.41	1.99	4.07	3.04	0.06				99.71	16	4505
Claraghmore Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	73.11	0.21	14.21	1.49	0.03	0.42	2.09	4.14	3.13	0.05				98.88	16	4505
Claraghmore Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	73.08	0.20	14.22	1.65	0.03	0.41	1.96	4.28	3.14	0.06				99.03	16	4505
Claraghmore Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.88	0.20	14.17	1.55	0.04	0.39	2.10	4.25	3.19	0.06				98.82	16	4505
Claraghmore Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.83	0.21	14.10	1.44	0.05	0.42	1.93	4.34	3.04	0.05				98.40	16	4505
Claraghmore Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.63	0.21	14.33	1.58	0.04	0.34	1.96	4.27	3.01	0.05				98.41	16	4505
Claraghmore Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.55	0.19	14.14	1.58	0.04	0.39	1.90	4.24	3.15	0.07				98.23	16	4505
Claraghmore Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.47	0.20	13.87	1.60	0.04	0.41	1.93	4.08	2.99	0.05				97.65	16	4505
Claraghmore Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.40	0.21	13.76	1.39	0.05	0.39	1.92	3.74	3.04	0.06				96.97	16	4505
Claraghmore Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.00	0.20	13.35	1.54	0.05	0.41	1.98	3.90	3.08	0.06				96.56	16	4505
Claraghmore Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.03	0.16	15.00	1.21	0.04	0.28	2.35	4.52	2.59	0.05				97.23	16	4505
Dead Island Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	73.32	0.23	14.60	1.56	0.00	0.40	1.88	3.86	3.23					99.08	7	2225
Dead Island Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.93	0.21	14.21	1.53	0.09	0.40	1.79	3.90	3.08					98.13	7	2225
Dead Island Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.79	0.21	14.13	1.62	0.02	0.56	1.96	3.89	3.11					98.29	7	2225
Dead Island Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.62	0.24	13.80	1.52	0.09	0.40	1.89	2.90	3.07					96.53	7	2225
Dead Island Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.47	0.22	14.28	1.63	0.08	0.41	1.96	3.23	3.27					97.54	7	2225
Dead Island Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.34	0.19	14.10	1.48	0.06	0.38	1.88	3.56	3.10					97.07	7	2225
Dead Island Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.10	0.28	13.47	3.76	0.18	0.28	1.22	3.19	3.51					97.98	7	2225
Dead Island Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.71	0.22	13.52	4.38	0.19	0.26	1.78	3.18	3.56					98.80	7	2225
Dead Island Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.23	0.24	13.65	1.42	0.06	0.35	1.84	3.52	3.17					95.47	7	2225
Derryloughan (Northern Ireland)	glass	73.15	0.24	14.52	1.57		0.47	1.74	4.52	3.13					99.34	4	1561
Derryloughan (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.76	0.26	14.64	1.47		0.44	1.52	4.35	2.83					98.27	4	1561
Derryloughan (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.52	0.30	14.70	1.53		0.44	1.52	4.21	2.89					98.10	4	1561
Derryloughan (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.44	0.24	14.18	1.55		0.42	1.66	4.10	3.19					97.77	4	1561
Derryloughan (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.33	0.24	16.28	1.42		0.41	1.57	4.33	3.07					99.62	4	1561
Derryloughan (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.01	0.25	14.11	1.48		0.43	1.65	4.07	2.96					95.95	4	1561
Derryloughan (Northern Ireland)	glass	70.82	0.29	14.34	1.64		0.53	1.85	4.13	2.97					96.57	4	1561
Garry Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	73.20	0.32	14.75	1.50		0.41	1.91	4.09	3.11					99.28	4	1561
Garry Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	73.12	0.27	14.63	1.42		0.41	1.85	3.98	2.98					98.66	4	1561
Garry Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.38	0.26	14.41	1.46		0.37	1.72	4.02	2.92					97.53	4	1561
Garry Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.15	0.25	14.53	1.51		0.40	1.77	3.76	3.01					97.38	4	1561
Garry Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.09	0.27	14.65	1.64		0.43	1.90	4.41	3.08					98.45	4	1561
Garry Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.80	0.26	14.86	1.50		0.43	1.94	4.50	3.06					98.33	4	1561
Garry Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.55	0.26	14.69	1.55		0.40	1.85	3.81	2.91					97.01	4	1561
Garry Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.49	0.28	14.56	1.56		0.39	1.85	4.10	2.99					97.23	4	1561
Garry Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.42	0.24	15.87	1.58		0.49	1.84	4.38	2.88					98.71	4	1561
Garry Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.42	0.19	13.78	1.25		0.32	1.64	3.99	3.12					95.71	4	1561
Garry Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.32	0.27	14.23	1.53		0.40	1.77	4.00	2.93					96.45	4	1561
Garry Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.25	0.21	14.22	1.40		0.39	1.84	4.17	3.15					96.62	4	1561
Garry Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	70.83	0.23	14.24	1.48		0.41	1.85	4.23	2.91					96.18	4	1561
Garry Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	69.95	0.20	14.27	1.53		0.38	1.93	4.04	2.97					95.26	4	1561
Garry Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	69.42	0.25	15.11	1.52		0.44	1.80	4.16	2.90					95.61	4	1561
Glen West (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.90	0.30	14.54	1.50		0.40	1.93	4.43	3.09					99.08	4	1851
Glen West (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.73	0.31	14.73	1.57		0.46	1.93	4.41	3.10					99.25	4	1851
Glen West (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.53	0.30	14.57	1.51		0.46	1.97	4.45	3.20					98.98	4	1851
Glen West (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.52	0.27	14.74	1.56		0.44	2.05	4.32	3.03					98.92	4	1851
Glen West (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.42	0.29	14.64	1.55		0.42	1.95	4.18	3.05					98.49	4	1851
Glen West (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.19	0.26	14.58	1.54		0.46	2.01	4.31	3.09					98.45	4	1851
Glen West (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.68	0.29	14.60	1.63		0.45	1.93	4.25	3.08					97.90	4	1851
Glen West (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.56	0.27	14.74	1.60		0.48	1.88	4.21	3.00					97.73	4	1851
Glen West (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.35	0.27	14.58	1.58		0.48	1.98	4.34	3.15					97.73	4	1851
Glen West (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.07	0.25	14.45	1.46		0.42	1.82	4.16	3.20					96.82	4	1851
Glen West (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.06	0.27	14.48	1.62		0.44	1.88	4.32	3.09					97.17	4	1851
Glen West (Northern Ireland)	glass	70.91	0.26	14.28	1.46		0.44	1.92	4.25	2.96					96.48	4	1851
Glen West (Northern Ireland)	glass	69.99	0.25	14.17	1.46		0.41	1.84	3.94	3.01					95.05	4	1851
Glen West (Northern Ireland)	glass	69.95	0.27	14.11	1.55		0.47	1.97	4.27	3.14					95.72	4	1851
Glen West (Northern Ireland)	glass	69.26	0.82	14.34	4.78		0.69	2.05	4.56	3.20					99.71	4	1851
Glen West (Northern Ireland)	glass	67.79	0.97	13.89	4.82		0.74	2.19	4.61	3.11					99.13	4	1851
Jardelunder Moor (Germany)	glass	74.90	0.36	14.34	1.09	0.00	0.30	1.62	4.05	3.34	0.00	0.37	0.01	0.00	96.78	25	1624
Jardelunder Moor (Germany)	glass	74.87	0.40	14.25	1.31	0.06	0.37	1.77	3.92	3.06	0.00	0.39	0.00	0.09	96.84	25	1624
Jardelunder Moor (Germany)	glass	74.44	0.00	14.58	1.74	0.00	0.40	1.88	4.07	2.90	0.00	0.34	0.00	0.00	96.48	25	1624
Jardelunder Moor (Germany)	glass	74.42	0.18	14.64	1.41	0.11	0.37	1.92	4.19	2.76	0.00	0.43	0.00	0.00	96.89	25	1624
Jardelunder Moor (Germany)	glass	74.31	0.11	14.36	1.56	0.17	0.39	1.93	3.82	3.34	0.00	0.30	0.00	0.10	97.55	25	1624
Jardelunder Moor (Germany)	glass	74.23	0.00	14.28	1.46	0.05	0.50	2.08	4.09	3.30	0.00	0.29	0.00	0.02	97.85	25	1624
Jardelunder Moor (Germany)	glass	74.17	0.18	14.39	1.28	0.05	0.38	2.18	4.10	3.28	0.00	0.35	0.00	0.00	96.49	25	1624
Jardelunder Moor (Germany)	glass	74.09	0.00	14.67	1.62	0.00	0.43	2.03	4.01	3.09	0.06	0.36	0.00	0.19	98.15	25	1624
Lollymore (Ireland)	glass	72.53	0.25	14.26	1.47		0.46	1.89	4.21	3.32					98.38	4	1561
Lollymore (Ireland)	glass	72.04	0.22	14.08	1.62		0.45	1.90	4.13	3.09					97.52	4	1561
Lollymore (Ireland)	glass	71.77	0.26	14.05	1.58		0.45	1.87	4.17	3.10					97.24	4	1561
Lollymore (Ireland)	glass	71.40	0.25	14.37	1.61		0.54	1.98	4.39	2.89					97.44	4	1561
Lollymore (Ireland)	glass	71.38	0.27	14.17	1.61		0.46	1.96	4.04	3.13					97.03	4	1561
Lollymore (Ireland)	glass	71.15	0.35	14.39	1.74		0.62	2.12	3.95	3.02					97.34	4	1561
Rough Tor South (England)	glass	73.97	0.28	13.06	1.46	0.04	0.28	1.31	3.51	3.35	0.04				97.30	16	4809
Rough Tor South (England)	glass	73.06	0.29	13.17	1.28	0.04	0.32	1.26	3.85	3.36	0.05				96.69	16	4809
Rough Tor South (England)	glass	72.85	0.39	13.91	1.95	0.05	0.56	1.87	4.07	3.02	0.09				98.76	16	4809
Rough Tor South (England)	glass	71.87	0.34	13.37	1.64	0.05	0.42	1.55	4.20	2.91	0.09				96.44	16	4809
Sluggan Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	74.25	0.23	13.85	1.52		0.40	1.86	4.27	2.84					99.20	4	854
Sluggan Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	73.63	0.33	13.87	1.55		0.41	1.89	4.18	2.97					99.03	4	854
Sluggan Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.98	0.25	14.19	1.57		0.43	1.91	4.43	3.08					98.84	4	854
Sluggan Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.92	0.33	14.42	1.60		0.40	1.85	4.30	3.10					98.91	4	854
Sluggan Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.82	0.26	14.28	1.51		0.40	1.80	4.26	2.86					98.20	4	854
Sluggan Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.80	0.24	14.75	1.61		0.44	1.93	4.14	3.18					99.10	4	854
Sluggan Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.48	0.30	15.58	1.53		0.45	1.89	4.22	3.26					99.71	4	854
Sluggan Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.43	0.33	14.64	1.56		0.40	2.00	3.07	2.94					97.37	4	854
Sluggan Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	72.12	0.28	14.67	1.56		0.40	1.79	4.26	3.35					98.42	4	854
Sluggan Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.98	0.31	14.22	1.49		0.38	1.81	4.00	3.27					97.46	4	854
Sluggan Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.63	0.26	13.43	1.51		0.43	1.84	3.98	3.10					96.17	4	854
Sluggan Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.54	0.26	14.98	1.50		0.45	1.99	4.11	3.31					98.13	4	854
Sluggan Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	71.20	0.27	13.68	1.50		0.38	1.78	3.73	2.81					95.35	4	854
Sluggan Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	70.77	0.32	15.42	1.51		0.43	1.86	3.76	3.23					97.29	4	854
Sluggan Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	69.71	0.30	13.78	1.51		0.40	1.82	2.54	5.40					95.47	4	854
Sluggan Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	69.65	0.25	14.93	1.51		0.43	1.80	3.91	3.16					95.65	4	854
Sluggan Bog (Northern Ireland)	glass	69.23	0.31	14.65	1.67		0.49	2.11	4.28	3.52					96.26	4	854

Instrument Conditions

These analyses were carried out under the following electron microprobe conditions.

Please refer to papers for full details of the instrument conditions, standards etc used to create these analyses
EP	Instrument	Beam current (nA)	Beam voltage (kV)	Correction	Sample
4	Jeol 733 Superprobe (Queens University, Belfast)	10	15	ZAF	Thin section mounted in araldite then ground and polished
7	Camca SX100 (University of Edinburgh)	4	20	PAP	Thin section mounted in araldite then ground and polished
16	Camca SX100 (University of Edinburgh)	2	15	PAP	Thin section mounted in araldite then ground and polished
25	Cameca SX-50 (GEOMAR, Kiel)	6	15

References

The data on this page is from the following source(s). If you use this data please acknowledge the source of the data. he number preceeding each reference matches the Ref number on the data table above.

1561 - Hall, V.A. and Pilcher, J.R. (2002) Late-Quaternary Icelandic tephras in Ireland and Great Britain: detection, characterization and usefulness. The Holocene 12, 223-230..

854 - Pilcher, J.R., Hall, V.A., and McCormac, F.G. (1995) Dates of Holocene Icelandic volcanic eruptions from tephra layers in Irish peats.. The Holocene 5(1), 103-110.

1851 - Plunkett, G.M., Pilcher, J.R., McCormac, F.G. and Hall, V.A. (2004) New dates for first millennium BC tephra isochrones in Ireland. The Holocene 14, 780-786..

2225 - Swindles, G. (2006) Reconstructions of Holocene climate change from peatland in the north of Ireland. Unpublished PhD thesis, Queen's Unversity, Belfast,

4505 - Watson, E.J., Swindles, G.T., Lawson, I.T. and Savov, I.P. (2016) Do peatlands or lakes provide the most comprehensive distal tephra records?. Quaternary Science Reviews 139, 110-128.

4809 - Watson, E.J., Swindles, G.T., Lawson, I.T., Savov, I.P. and Wastegard, S. (2017) The presence of Holocene cryptotephra in Wales and southern England. Journal of Quaternary Science 32, 493-500.

1624 - van den Bogaard, C. and Schminke, H.U. (2002) Linking the North Atlantic to central Europe: a high-resolution Holocene tephrochronological record from northern Germany. Journal of Quaternary Science 17, 3-20..

Data Sources

All of the data contained in this database is either published or donated. When using the data, acknowledgement must be made of the original source of the data and that the data was obtained from Tephrabase. See Copyright information.

This Tephrabase search was made on 17/7/2025 at 00:29:31 local time, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.